Isolation of Mycoplasma mycoides in cattle at Slaughter Slabs in Rikkos of Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria

Mycoplasima Mycoides Mycoides (Mmm) is the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia | (CBPP) which has caused greater losses in cattle than any other diseases after rinderpest which has serious implication for food security and the livelihood of people in affected countries. This research work is aimed at identifying and estimating the bacteria infection in cattle at slaughter slabs. A total of 100 samples of lung organs from slaughter slabs were randomly collected based on age, breed and sex. The agar plate method and biochemical test were used to isolate and identify the bacteria. Two mycoplasama mycoides bacterial were isolated. The study shows that CBPP is present in the study area despite the low isolation rate of (2%). It is critical that more concern should be given to Surveillance, prevention, control and eradication of the disease through vaccination, diagnostic services in enzootic areas.

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Financing Third World Development: A Perspective of the African Development Bank (AfDB)

The African Development Bank Group (French: Banque africaine de développement / Portuguese: Banco Africano de Desenvolvimento) is a development bank established in 1964 with the intention of promoting economic and social development in Africa. The Group comprises the African Development Bank (AfDB), the African Development Fund (ADF), and the Nigeria Trust Fund (NTF). AfDB provides loans and grants to African governments and private companies investing in the regional member countries (RMC) in Africa. It is owned and funded by member governments, and has a public-interest mandate to reduce poverty and promote sustainable development. While the AfDB’s lending had not expanded significantly in recent years, the fundamental aim of the bank is to provide easy access to development finance, that is, loans to the less developed countries across the continent. The AfDB has specific mandates from the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) and other international organizations to take the lead amongst financial and development institutions in areas such as infrastructure, regional integration, and banking and financial standards in Africa. After about six decades in operation, the impacts of the bank on the socio-economic development of the region is far below expectation.

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Effect of Vernonia amygdalina Ethanol Leaf Residue (VAELR) on mice inoculated with Plasmodium berghei ANKA.

Malaria constitute to one of the devastating pandemics of African countries and it is caused by a genetically diversified parasite called Plasmodium falciparium ANKA strain. Several antimalarial drugs show resistance the parasite as such the causality of the risk group is enormous. This study is aimed at investigating the therapeutic benefit of (VAELR) in young mice inoculated with rodent malaria parasite. Twenty-five (25) young mice, mixed sex, adult, weighing between 14-15g, were acquired from the Animal Facility, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria and divided into group of five with five mice per group. Group 1 was administered distilled water, Group 2 was inoculated with P. berghei parasite, Group 3 (Pb + VAELR 250mg/kg), Group 4 (Pb + VAELR 125mg/kg) and Group 5 Pb + 10mg/kg of Chloroquine. Parasitemia level was examined 48 hours and followed by appropriate design protocol. 72 hours (D2) after innoculation parasite quantification was carried follow by treatment which lasted five days (D4). On the 7th day animals were sacrificed, brain tissues removed and fixed in Bouin’s fluid, processed for histopathology observation using Haematoxyline and Eosin (H and E), and Cresyl Echt Violet stains. Results shows that VAELR is dose dependent on the parasite quantification. We observed histo-pathological changes in treated group in a dose related pattern, obtained estimates of affected cell numbers, volume and correlate the relationship with observable indicators. The affected cells justify the potency of the extract and highlight the recovery stage of the treated group which could be a measure for the integrity of the cell.

Page :  139-145

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Demystifying the Intricate Role of Education for Socioeconomic Development

It is a known fact that education plays a tangible role in socioeconomic development. The primacy of education in the equation of socioeconomic development is corroborated by the fact that as a variable—at least in this paper—it has a duple role. First, education is explored in its capacity as a gauging element or an indicator of socioeconomic development. Secondly, education is explored as a factor that fosters socioeconomic development. Through the instrumentality of secondary data analysis, this paper comes to the verdict that the role of education for socioeconomic development in Nigeria is intricate and cannot be given a simplistic elucidation. This is because there is a conglomeration of factors that gives education its potency. Hence, it is proposed that education for socioeconomic development should not be reduced to mere school attendance, preliminary school experience, high academic scores, cognitive development or whatnot.

Page :  146-155

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The Role of Entrepreneurship in Nigeria's Socio-Economic Development

Entrepreneurship's role in socio-economic development has become an important factor in employment and innovations that have increased market competition. It is the spark that ignites a country's economic development. Entrepreneurship is central to the economic development process. The economic growth of a country is dependent on successful domestic entrepreneurship combined with the forces of a large corporations like Dangote, MTN Nigeria, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation and Nigerian Bottling Company etc. Several socio-economic problems plaguing such as corruption, terrorism, poor infrastructure, poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, low living standards, etc, can be addressed through entrepreneurship development. The research investigates the impact of entrepreneurship on Nigeria's socio-economic development. It also determined Nigeria's socio-economic challenges and solutions to socio-economic challenges in Nigeria. Using both quantitative and qualitative approach with a sample of 150 individual participants from different parts of Port-Harcourt Rivers State. Finding from the study revealed that Entrepreneurship has played a significant roles in Nigerian socio-economic development by providing jobs and wealth creation, better standard of living, transforming rural urban areas, use of local raw materials, generating revenue for the economy and sources of income for the majority low income citizens. The study also offered some relevant recommendations to policy makers to ensure the appropriate scheme to improve the socio-economic transformation of any country, especially in a developing country like Nigeria.

Page :  156-163

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